STRATEGIES FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF HYPERTENSION IN RURAL COMMUNITIES

: Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition that can lead to serious complications such as cardiovascular disease, stroke and kidney failure. The prevalence of hypertension is especially high in rural communities, where factors such as limited access to health care, lack of health information and socioeconomic conditions can contribute to a lack of control of the disease. Prevention and control strategies tailored to these communities are crucial to reducing the burden of hypertension

and improving the overall health of the rural population.This brief explores effective strategies for the prevention and control of hypertension in rural communities, highlighting innovative approaches and associated challenges.The aim of this paper is to review and analyze strategies for the prevention and control of hypertension in rural communities.It aims to identify the main interventions that have proved effective, discuss approaches adapted to the needs and resources of rural communities, and address the challenges faced in implementing these strategies.This is a literature review, using qualitative and quantitative assumptions, using the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases.
The health descriptors "Hypertension", "Hypertension Management in Rural Areas", "Telemedicine", "Community Interventions" and "Rural Health Policies" were used to refine the research.The time frame covers the years 2018 to 2022.The focus is to promote a comprehensive understanding of best practices and areas that need more attention to improve the management of hypertension in rural contexts.Preventing and controlling hypertension in rural communities requires a multifaceted approach that takes into account the particularities of these areas, including barriers to accessing healthcare, resource limitations and specific cultural needs.Education is key to preventing hypertension.
Awareness programs about risk factors, the importance of regular blood pressure monitoring and lifestyle changes can have a significant impact.Community initiatives such as workshops, lectures and local media campaigns can help raise awareness of hypertension and promote healthy habits.
Improving access to healthcare is crucial for hypertension control in rural areas.This can include the implementation of mobile health units, telemedicine and partnerships with health organizations to provide regular medical services and blood pressure monitoring.Community screening programs and regular consultations can help identify and treat cases of hypertension early.Interventions that encourage a healthy diet, rich in fruit, vegetables and low in sodium, as well as regular physical activity, are essential for the prevention and control of hypertension.Nutritional education programs and the promotion of community physical activities, such as walking groups or sports, can be effective in promoting a healthy lifestyle.Thus, many people with hypertension also have other health conditions, such as diabetes or obesity.Integrated strategies that address hypertension alongside other health conditions can improve overall outcomes.This includes chronic disease management programs that provide support for managing multiple health conditions simultaneously.Involving the community in the planning and implementation of prevention and control strategies can increase the acceptance and effectiveness of interventions.Community groups, local leaders and non-governmental organizations can play an important role in promoting health programs and mobilizing resources.The effective implementation of hypertension control strategies in rural communities faces several challenges.
Barriers can include a lack of adequate health infrastructure, a shortage of health professionals, limited access to medicines and treatments, and cultural factors that can affect the acceptance of interventions.In addition, logistical and financial difficulties can limit the ability to implement and maintain health programs in remote areas.Therefore, the approach to preventing and controlling hypertension in rural communities must be adapted to the specific needs and characteristics of these areas.Effective strategies include community education and awareness, improving access to health care, promoting a healthy lifestyle and integrated management of comorbidities.Involving the community and overcoming challenges related to infrastructure and resources are critical aspects for the success of these strategies.With a multifaceted and collaborative approach, it is possible to reduce the prevalence and impact of hypertension in rural communities, promoting better health and an improved quality of life for their inhabitants.

INTRODUCTION
Hypertension is a global public health problem, with significant implications for morbidity and mortality.In rural communities, the prevalence of hypertension is often higher due to factors such as limited access to medical care, lack of health infrastructure and less healthy lifestyles.Strategies for the prevention and control of hypertension in these areas are crucial to reducing the impact of the disease and improving the quality of life of the inhabitants.Early identification, healthy lifestyle education and continuous monitoring are essential components of these strategies (WHELTON et al., 2018).
Lack of access to health services in rural areas can limit the ability of individuals to receive appropriate diagnosis and treatment for hypertension.Community tracking programs and telemedicine initiatives have shown potential to overcome these barriers, facilitating access to remote care and monitoring.In addition, collaboration with community leaders and the incorporation of local cultural practices can increase the acceptance and effectiveness of interventions (YANO et al., 2018).
The promotion of healthy lifestyles, including the adoption of balanced diets, the regular practice of physical activities and the reduction of salt consumption, is fundamental for the prevention and control of hypertension.In rural communities, the implementation of health education programs and the improvement of availability of healthy foods are effective strategies for promoting behavioral changes.In addition, the integration of community health practices can strengthen adherence to programs and increase the impact of interventions (Chen et al., 2020).
In addition to individual strategies, public policies focused on improving health conditions in rural areas are equally important.The expansion of health services, training local professionals and promoting health -favorable environments can contribute significantly to the reduction of arterial hypertension.Initiatives aimed at improving health infrastructure and increasing hypertension awareness can have a positive and sustainable long -term impact (MOHAN et al., 2019).This present work explores effective strategies for the prevention and control of arterial hypertension in rural communities, highlighting innovative approaches and associated challenges, reviewing and analyzing the prevention and control strategies of arterial hypertension in rural communities.It is intended to identify the main interventions that have been effective, discuss approaches adapted to the needs and resources of rural communities, and address the challenges faced in the implementation of these strategies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This is a bibliographic review, using qualitative and quantitative premises, with the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases.For the refinement of the research, the health descriptors "hypertension", "hypertension management in rural areas", "telemedicine", "community interventions" and "rural health policies" were used.The temporal cut covers the years 2018 to 2022.

INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA
Inclusion Criteria: 1. Studies published between 2018 and 2022.

Publications in English.
3. Articles revised by pairs.4. Studies that address management and intervention for hypertension in rural areas, including the use of telemedicine and health policies.
5. Systematic revisions, meta-analysis and relevant clinical studies.

Studies focused on community interventions and rural health policies to control hypertension.
Exclusion criteria: 1. Studies outside the specified temporal scope.

2.
Articles not available in full or that do not meet quality criteria.
3. Studies that do not directly address management or intervention for hypertension in rural areas.

Boolean markers
To perform the search in the databases, the following boolean markers were used: -"Hypertension Management" and "Rural Areas" and "Telemedicine" and "Community

Interventions"
-"Hypertension in Rural Settings" and "Community-Based Interventions" and "Health Policy"

Guiding question
The guiding question of this study was: "What are the advances and effectiveness of interventions for the control of hypertension in rural areas, including the impact of telemedicine, community interventions and health policies?

Health Descriptors
The health descriptors used were: • Hypertension

• Hypertension management in rural areas
• Telemedicine

THEORETICAL FOUNDATION
Control of arterial hypertension in rural communities has unique challenges due to factors such as limited access to health services and lack of adequate infrastructure.A key approach to facing these challenges is the implementation of community tracking programs that promote early detection and hypertension management.Initiatives involving blood pressure tests in affordable places and community events can increase awareness and facilitate early diagnosis.Studies show that such programs are effective in identifying individuals with non-diagnosed hypertension and directing them for appropriate treatment (Reinhold et al., 2020).
Telemedicine has emerged as a valuable tool to overcome access barriers in rural areas.
The possibility of performing virtual consultations and remote monitoring allows patients to receive continuous care without the need for long displacements.The integration of telemedicine technologies for blood pressure monitoring and follow -up consultations can improve adherence to treatment and control of hypertension, especially in regions with scarcity of health professionals (Smith et al., 2021).
The expansion of these technologies and the training of professionals to use them are crucial steps to optimize hypertension management in rural areas.
Education and the promotion of healthy lifestyles play a crucial role in preventing and controlling hypertension.In rural communities, educational programs focused on healthy diets, reduced salt consumption and increased physical activity are essential.Initiatives that promote accessibility to nutritious foods and encourage physical exercise are effective to combat hypertension.

Studies indicate that educational programs and community interventions that address local needs and
engage community members have a significant positive health impact (JONES et al., 2019).
The creation and implementation of rural health -directed public policies is fundamental to the success of hypertension control strategies.Investments in health infrastructure and professional training are necessary to improve access to treatment and continuous support.In addition, policies that promote health services and the creation of community health programs can strengthen the ability of rural areas to effectively manage hypertension (ADAMS et al., 2021).Collaboration between health institutions, local governments and the community is essential for the development of sustainable solutions and adapted to the specific needs of rural areas.
Continuous research on the prevalence of hypertension and the effectiveness of interventions is crucial to improving prevention and control strategies.Studies that provide data on the characteristics of hypertension in rural contexts and evaluate the effectiveness of implemented approaches can offer valuable insights for the development of more effective strategies.Adapting evidence -based interventions and needs is essential to achieve sustainable results and improve the health of rural populations (Murray et al., 2022).
The implementation of effective strategies for controlling hypertension in rural communities should consider the particularities and specific challenges of these areas.In many rural regions, lack of access to health services is a significant barrier.Community tracking programs are a valuable solution to this issue as they allow the population to have access to examinations and guidelines on hypertension in nearby places.Studies have shown that community tracking not only improves early detection, but also facilitates continuous management of hypertension, contributing to better health results (Harvey et al., 2020).
In addition, telemedicine stands out as an innovative tool to expand access to health care in rural areas.By allowing medical appointments and remote monitoring, telemedicine can overcome challenges related to the displacement and scarcity of health professionals.The effectiveness of telemedicine in improving hypertension control has been evidenced by studies showing a significant reduction in blood pressure and a better adherence to treatment in remotely served populations (Kumar et al., 2021).The expansion of telemedicine technologies and the training of professionals to use them are essential to maximize the benefits of this approach.
The creation of public policies that support hypertension control in rural areas is equally important.Investments in health infrastructure and training programs for local professionals are essential to ensure quality care.Policies that encourage the creation of affordable health centers and the development of community health programs can strengthen the ability of rural communities to effectively manage hypertension (ZHAO et al., 2021).

CONCLUSION
Therefore, it is concluded that hypertension represents a significant challenge for public health, especially in rural communities, where factors such as limited access to less healthy medical care and lifestyles exacerbate the situation.The approach to the control and prevention of hypertension in rural areas should be multifaceted and adapted to local realities.The implementation of community tracking programs, the use of telemedicine, and the education on healthy lifestyles are effective strategies for improving hypertension management and promoting health in rural communities.
Community tracking programs play a crucial role in early detection of hypertension and referral for treatment.In addition, telemedicine offers an innovative solution to overcome geographic The holistic approach and adapted to local conditions not only improves the detection and treatment of hypertension, but also contributes to a better general health and an increase in people's quality of life in rural communities.Therefore, continuing to develop and implement effective strategies for controlling hypertension is crucial to facing health challenges in rural areas and promoting a healthier future for these populations.
barriers and ensure continuous access to specialized care.Health education, focusing on behavioral changes and improving diet and physical activity, is essential for preventing and controlling hypertension.Public policies that support health infrastructure and train local professionals are fundamental to ensure effective and sustainable care.The integration of these strategies, together with continuous research and the adaptation of local data -based interventions, can strengthen the ability of rural communities to effectively manage hypertension.Collaboration between health institutions, governments and the community is essential for the development and implementation of solutions that meet the specific needs of rural populations