CYTOMEGALOVIRUS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS

Abstract

  The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), belonging to the Herpesviridae family, occurs in all regions of the world and is linked to socioeconomic conditions. In addition, it is seen as the most common agent of congenital infection in man and is responsible for a substantial proportion of sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in children. The objective of this research is to analyze other studies that determine the number of HCMV cases in pregnant and post-natal women, its predominance and its relationship with sensorineural hearing loss present in children. For this expanded summary, an electronic search was performed on the SciELO, PubMed and Capes Periodicals data platforms, in the period between 1996 and 2020. The study demonstrates that HCMV is the most frequent non-genetic cause of SSNHL in infants and, despite its importance of this infection, there are few published studies. Furthermore, childhood hearing loss presents many challenges, as this deficiency leads to a delay in language and social interactions. In summary, an immediate diagnosis is essential, as this will allow its timely treatment, in order to reduce the consequences of hypoacusis.